History of Johannesburg

This article documents the history of Johannesburg, part of present day Gauteng Province, in South Africa. The area around Johannesburg has been inhabited for thousands of years by hunter-gatherer peoples. The establishment of modern-day Johannesburg began in 1886 with the discovery of gold and the Witwatersrand reef. After the discovery, the population of the city exploded and Johannesburg became the largest city in South Africa. Today, it is a centre for learning and entertainment for all of Africa.

Prehistoric Era

See Prehistoric Johannesburg article.

The Johannesburg area is settled by Bushmen or San, who were hunter-gatherers and Stone Age people. Over time, waves of migrants into the area established an Iron Age culture, until the discovery of gold on the Witwatersrand in 1886.

The Gold Rush

See Witwatersrand Gold Rush and the Establishment of Johannesburg article.

Gold was discovered in the Johannesburg region in 1886, setting off a mass migration of people to Johannesburg to try their luck at finding gold.